Thursday, February 10, 2011

SAP ABAP Scripts Question and Answers Part 2

what is the purpose of “Protect and EndProtect”?.

You can specify either in the style or in the layout set that a particular paragraph should not be slit in two by a page beak. If the page protect attribute is set then the complete paragraph is always output ona single page. This property applies only to that particular paragraph. SAPScript provides the PROTECT… ENDPROTECT command pair to allow you to define the areas to be protected against a page beak on an individual basis. Thus the PROTECT/ENDPROTECT commands may be regarded as a kind of conditional NEW-PAGE command, the condition being whether or not the lines enclosed between the two commands fit in the space remaining in the current main window.

How do we set the date, time format?

SET TIME MASK : CONROLS THE TIME FIELD FORMAT.
SET DATE MASK : CONTRLS THE DATE FIELD FORMAT.

EG. Set Time Mask = “ HH:MM:SS”.

what is the role of an ABAP progrm in SAPScript?

Retrieves R/3 application data from the database.

Defines the layout set processing logic ( The order and repetition of text elements).

Chooses a layout set for printing.

Selects the output device, such as printer,monitor, or fax.

Sets print attributes such as immediate output, number of copies ,and pages to beprinted.

How to reuse some components of the script layout to other program?
Is this script layout is standard for all the printer? If not then y we are going for script layout?

Give me couple of methods that I will take standard script layout printout for different printer.

How u will analysis script program? ( which goes to main and how many windows etc….)

Can V inserted logo on your program?. Give me the program name which uploads my logo and syntax for logo inserting in sap script.
Yes u can insert a logo on your script layout.
Use this Report “RSTXLDMC” which will uploads the logo.
Use the following statement which includes the logo on your script prog.
/: INCLUDE 'ZHEX-MACRO-XXX' OBJECT TEXT ID ST LANGUAGE 'E'.

XXX – object name, u will gives @ runtime in rstxldmc program.

Give me syntax for box command.
BOX XPOS 2 MM WIDTH 0 CM HEIGHT '9.5' CM FRAME 10 TW

Script Commands.

Defining a variable

DEFINE &CUST& = '00000021'.

Define and insert a standard text:

Standard texts is predifined textst that can be used in more than one form. Standard texts are can be created, changed and displayed using transaction SO10.

The text ID is used to callsify texts.

To include a stadard text in a form, use the INCLUDE command:

/: INCLUDE Z_BC460_EX4_HF OBJECT TEXT ID SDVD

When formatting the standard text the PARAGRAPH parameter is used. To center the text use:

/: INCLUDE Z_BC460_EX4_HF OBJECT TEXT ID SDVD LANGUAGE EN PARAGRAPH C.

Formatting addresses

The ADDRESS-ENDADDRESS command formats addresses according to the postal norms of the recipient's country, as defined in the

country parameter.

ADDRESS DELIVERY PARAGRAPH AD
NAME &KNA1-NAME&
STREET &KNA1-STRAS&
POSTCODE &KNA1-PSTLZ&
CITY &KNA1-ORT01&'
COUNTRY &KNA1-LAND1&
FROMCOUNTRY 'DE'
ENDADDRESS

Avoiding pagebreaks in a paragraph

/: PROTECT
:
:
/: ENDPROTECT

The text lines to be protected are enclosed between the two commands

Conditonal text ouput IF - ENDIF

You can use IF/ENDIF like in a normal ABAP program

/: IF condition
:
:
/: ENDIF

and

/: IF condition
:
/: ELSE
:
/: ENDIF

Example:

/: IF &SPFLI-CITYTO& = "BERLIN"
..... put some text here
/: ENDIF

Symbols and Control commands

Symbols are placeholders for values that are inserted during print formatting.

Symbols are indentified by name surrounded by "&" and are not case sensitive

Types of symbols

System symbols

DATE Date
DAY
Day
NAME_OF_DAY
Name of day
MONTH
Month
YEAR
Year
TIME
Time

HOURS Hours
MINUTES
Minutes
SECONDS
Seconds
PAGE
Page number
NEXTPAGE
Number of next pagre
DEVICE
Output device
SPACE
Blank space
ULINE
Underline
VLINE
Vertical line

Standard symbols

Standard symbols are user defined and are maintained in table TTDG(table is not available???). You use transaction SM30 to change or display standard symbols.

An examples of standard symbols is &MFG& fot "Yours faithfully"

Standard text

Standard texts is predifined texts that can be used in more than one form. Standard texts are can be created, changed and displayed using transaction SO10.

The text ID is used to classify texts.

To include a standard text in a form, use the INCLUDE command:

/: INCLUDE Z_BC460_EX4_HF OBJECT TEXT ID SDVD

When formatting the standard text the PARAGRAPH parameter is used. To center the text use:

/: INCLUDE

= Object, ID, Language, Paragraph

Example:

/: INCLUDE Z_BC460_EX4_HF OBJECT TEXT ID SDVD LANGUAGE EN PARAGRAPH C.

Name: Z_BC460_EX4_HF

Object: Text

Text id: SDVD (Text id from SO10)

Language: EN

Paragraph: C (Centered)

Tip: You can use menu Insert->Text->Standard to make it easier to insert the text

Program symbols

Program symbols are for contents of database fields or global program symbols. When you print the form, data from the database tables are printed isntead of the symbols.

In the print program:

TABLES: kna1.

In the form:

&KNA1-NAME1&

Formatting

&SYMBOL& No formatting
&SYMBOL+4& Offset - Output begins here. Offset refers to formatted value
&SYMBOL(5)& Length - Output data in the specified length
&SYMBOL(I)& Suppress initial value - If the field has been initialized, nothing is output
&SYMBOL(Z)& Suppress leading zeros
&SYMBOL(C)& Compress blank spaces - Consecutice spaces are compressed into a single space. Leading spacesare suppressed.

&SYMBOL(R)& Right align output
&SYMBOL(S)& Operators are suppressed
&SYMBOL(*)& Dictionary length - The data length is defined by the ABAP dictionary
&SYMBOL(8.2)& Decimal format. Length 8 decimals 2
&'text1'SYMBOL'text2'& Text can be inserted before and after the symbol

Control commands

Control command are used to modify text output. Use format key /: in the format column.

/: INCLUDE
/: DEFINE
/: ADDRESS....ENDADDRESS
/: PROTECT.....ENDPROTECT

/: NEW-PAGE
/: IF....ENDIF
/: CASE...ENDCASE

Examples of control commands
INCLUDE

INCLUDE name

Parameters:

OBJECT E.g. TEXT, DOKU (Document), DSYS (Hypertext).
ID Text ID -Text ID is a way to group texts - Se transaction SO10
LANGUAGE If the parameter is not specefied, the logon language will be used
PARAGRAPH The text to be included is formatted using the style allocated. The PARAGRAPH parameter can be used

.

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