IBM abap interview Questions phase - final -3

What are IDOC’S (Intermediate Documents)? Ans -1. SAP standard format for electronic data interchange between systems. Different message types (for example, delivery notes or purchase orders) usually have specific formats, the SAP IDoc types. However, several related message types can be assigned to one IDoc type. For example, the IDoc type ORDERS01 transfers the "logical" message type ORDERS (purchase orders) and ORDRSP (purchase order confirmation). - 2. Features of an IDoc type, that is a business message with IDoc format (for example the confirmation XYZ). IDocs can be used in the following business scenarios: ¨ ALE: communication between logical systems. Logical systems can be R/3, R/2 or non-SAP system. ALE distribution models are based on message types that indicate the appropriate IDoc types. ¨ EDI: communication between an R/3 or R/2 system and a non-SAP system.

What are Screen Painters? Menu Painter? GUI Status? …etc - Screen Painters: - Arranging or creating elements of the screen. - Menu Painters: - Designing and creating menu bar. - GUI Status: - Interface between user and SAP program (PF STATUS).

What is screen flow logic? What are the selections in it? Explain PAI and PBO? Ans - Screen flow logic contains the procedural part of a screen. The screen flow logic is like an ABAP program in that it serves as a container for processing blocks. There are four event blocks, each of which is introduced with the screen keyword PROCESS: PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT. ... PROCESS AFTER INPUT. ... PROCESS ON HELP-REQUEST. ... PROCESS ON VALUE-REQUEST. ... - Selections are performed in PAI. - PROCESS BEFORE OUTPUT (PBO) is automatically triggered after the PAI processing of the previous screen and before the current screen is displayed. You can program the PBO processing of the screen in this block. At the end of the PBO processing, the screen is displayed. - PROCESS AFTER INPUT (PAI) is triggered when the user chooses a function on the screen. You can program the PAI processing of the screen in this block. At the end of the PAI processing, the system either calls the next screen or carries on processing at the point from which the screen was called. - PROCESS ON HELP-REQUEST (POH) and PROCESS ON VALUE-REQUEST (POV) are triggered when the user requests field help (F1) or possible values help (F4) respectively. You can program the appropriate coding in the corresponding event blocks. At the end of processing, the system carries on processing the current screen.

Overall how do you write transaction program in SAP? - Create the transaction using object browser (SE80) - Define the objects e.g. screen, Transactions. – Modules – PBO, PAI.

Does SAP has a GUI screen painter? If yes What operating systems is it available on? What is the other type of screen painter called? - Yes - On what OS is it available – Window based. - Other type of screen painter – alpha numeric screen painter.

What are step loops? How do you program page down page up in step loop? - Step loops: Method of displaying a set of records. - Page down & Page up: decrement / increment base counter - Index = base + sy-step1 – 1

Is ABAP a GUI language? - Yes

Normally how many and what files get created when a transaction program is written? What is top XXXXXXTOP program? - Main program with A Includes - I ) TOP INCLUDE – GLOBAL DATA - II ) Include for PBO - III) Include for PAI - IV) include for Forms

What are Include Programs? - Set of code which are included into the main program at runtime.

Can you call a subroutine of one program from another program? - Yes

What are user exits? What is involved in writing them? What precautions are needed? - User defined functionality included to predefined SAP standards. Point in an SAP program where a customer's own program can be called. In contrast to customer exits, user exits allow developers to access and modify program components and data objects in the standard system. On upgrade, each user exit must be checked to ensure that it conforms to the standard system. ¨ There are two types of user exit: · User exits that use INCLUDEs. These are customer enhancements that are called directly in the program. · User exits that use tables. These are used and managed using Customizing. - Should find the customer enhancements belonging to particular development class.

What are RFC’S? How do you write RFC on SAP side? Ans - Remote Function Calls. RFC is an SAP interface protocol. Based on CPI-C, it considerably simplifies the programming of communication processes between systems. RFCs enable you to call and execute predefined functions in a remote system - or even in the same system. RFCs manage the communication process, parameter transfer and error handling. - Any ABAP program can call a remote function using the CALL FUNCTION...DESTINATION statement. The DESTINATION parameter tells the SAP System that the called function runs in a system other than the caller's. RFC communication with the remote system happens as part of the CALL FUNCTION statement.

What are the general naming conventions of ABAP programs? - Start with Z or Y followed by Char or Nos. - 8 Letters long / 20 letters (4.0b onwards).

How do you find if a logical database exists for your program requirements? Ans - Get table command - Table name – where used list – logical database - Attribute

How do you find the tables to report from when the user just tell you the transaction he uses? And all the underlying data is from SAP structure? - Go to transaction. F1 and go to technical information.

How do you find the menu path for a given transaction in SAP? - Go to dynamic menu, Give the search term i.e. transaction name - SAP std menu – ABAP/4 workbench – Development / utilities.

What are the Different Modules of SAP? - PP PM MM FI SD HR

What is IMG in SAP? - Implementation guide containing all IMG, activities arranged by business application components.

How do you get help in ABAP? - Place cursor on required field and press F1 or H keyword in command mode.

What are different ABAP/4 Editors? What are the differences? - Command mode Editor (Not available in 4.6) - PC Mode with line numbering - PC Mode without Line numbering

What are different elements in layout sets? - Paragraphs - Character String - Page - Windows - Page Windows - Header Data

Can you use if then else, perform etc. statements in SAP Script? - YES.

What type of variables normally used in sap script to output data? - & Tables name- fields &.

How do you number pages in sap script layout outputs? - & page & - &next Page &

What takes most time in SAP script programming? - Defining layout set up / sets.

How do you use tab sets in layout sets? - Define paragraph with defined tabs.

How do you backup sap script layout sets? Can you download and upload? How? - SAP script backup :- In transaction SE71 goto Utilities -> Copy from client -> Give source form name, source client (000 default), Target form name. - Download :- SE71, type form name -> Display -> Utilities -> form info -> List -> Save to PC file. - Upload :- Create form with page, window, pagewindow with the help of downloaded PC file. Text elements for Page windows to be copied from PC file.

What are presentation and application servers in SAP? -A presentation server is actually a program named Sapgui.exe. It is usually installed on a user’s workstation. - Application server is a set of executables that collectively interpret the ABAP/4 programs and manage the input & output for them.

In an ABAP/4 program how do you access data that exists on a presentation server v/s on an application server? - For presentation server use UPLOAD or WS_UPLOAD function modules. - For application server use OPEN DATASET, READ DATASET and CLOSE DATASET commands.

What are different data type in ABAP/4? -There are eight predefined types in ABAP with fixed length: Four character types: Character (C), Numeric character (N), Date (D), and Time (T). One hexadecimal type: Byte field (X). Three numeric types: Integer (I), Floating-point number (F) and Packed number (P).